Basic Computer Introduction Notes In English With Video Lecture For All Competitive Exam

Basic Computer Introduction

What Is Computer ?

As we know that computer is an electronic device / electronic machine consist of digital circuitry which is used to perform tasks on the basis in set of instruction / programs given by user. In others words we can say that computer is an electronic machine which takes data as input and produce output after processing data.

With Computers we can perform many functions like writing programs, developing software, browsing internet, watching movies, playing games, arithmetic calculations (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division), logical operations (Compassion, Matching, Merging, Less Than, Greater than, Less than equal to, greater than equal to)

How Computer Works ? 

Here we will discuss about step by step procedure of how computer works ?

Step 1 : Firstly, Computer Takes Raw Data as Input From USER through input device. 

Important Point To Remember : Computer Takes Input From User Written in High Level Language(HLL).

Step 2 : Store Input Data Into Memory.

Step 3 : Convert Input data into computer understandable language called Machine Level Language (MLL) / Low Level Language.

Important Point :  Computer Understand Low Level Language / Machine Level Language. 

Step 4 : Perform desired operation on input data given by user.

Step 5 : Produce Output on output device.

Important Points To Remember (History of Computer)

• Computer Understand Machine Level Language (MLL) / Low Level Language.
• Computer Never Understand High Level Language.
• To Convert High Level Language To Machine Level Language Translators are used.
• Abacus was first Mechanical Calculating Device used for addition and subtraction. 
• Abacus was invented by the Egyptians in the 10th century B.C.
• In 1617, John Napier invented a calculating device Called Napier's Bones, used for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.
• In Napier's Bones technology used for arithmetic operation called Rabdologia.
• In 1642, Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline also known as adding machine or arithmetic calculator. 
• In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard invented card of holes for weaving patterns. It is also knows as first mechanical loom used to simplify textile process.
• First Analytic Engine or Mechanical Computer Invented By Charles Babbage
• Charles Babbage is the father of First Mechanical Computer / Analytical Engine.
• Charles Babbage Invented First Mechanical Computer / Analytical Engine in 1837.
• In 1880, Herman Hollerith Invented Tabulating Machine used to process for census.
• Herman Hollerith is the father of electromechanical  Punch Card.
• Alan Turing, is the father of Modern Computer Science.
• Alan Turing, Invented Turing Machine In 1936.
• In 1945, Computer’s basic architecture was developed by John Von Neumann in which the data and the program are both stored in the computer's memory called stored program concept.
• Von Neumann Model contains 5 components : Control Unit, Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Memory Unit, Registers and Inputs/Outputs 

Miscellaneous Questions and Answers On Basic Computer Introduction Topic

Question 1.

Who is the father of first Mechanical Computer / Analytical Engine ?
A. Charles Babbage
B. John Neumann
C. Blaise Pascal
D. Joanthan lva
Answer : A (Charles Babbage)

Question 2.

In Which Year Charles Babbage Invented First Mechanical Computer / Analytic Engine ?
A. 1847
B. 1837
C. 1857
D. 1835
Answer : B (1837)

Question 3.

Charles Babbage designed the first mechanical computer named ?
A. Analytical Engine
B. Processor
C. Abacus
D. Computer Engine
Answer : A (Analytical Engine)

Question 4.

Computer Can not understand which language ?
A. LLL
B. MLL
C. HLL
D. None of these
Answer : C (HLL)

Question 5.

Computer Understand Which Language ?
A. HLL
B. MLL
C.Binary Digits
D. None Of These
Answer : B (MLL)

Question 6.

What is the full form of HLL?
Answer : High Level Language

Question 7.

What is the full form of LLL?
Answer : Low Level Language

Question 8.

What is the full form of MLL?
Answer : Machine Level Language

Question 9.

Computer Architecture was developed by ?
A. Charles Babbage
B. John Neumann
C. Blaise Pascal
D. Joanthan lva
Answer : B (John Neumann)

Question 10.

How many units does Von Neumann Architecture has?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
Answer : C (5)

Question 11.

Von Neumann Architecture Uses?
A.  Store Program Concept
B. FCFS
C. FIFO
D. LIFO
Answer : A (Store Program Concept)

Question 11.

Who was the father of Punched Card Processing?
A. J Presper Eckert
B. Charles Babbage
C. Dr. Herman Hollerith
D. Blaise Pascal
Answer : C (Herman Hollerith)

Question 12.

Pascaline is also known as?
A. Mechanical machine
B. Adding machine
C. Division machine
D. Difference machine
Answer : B (Adding Machine)

Question 13.

The person contributing the idea of stored program was?
A. John Neumann
B. Howard Aiken
C. Dennis Ritchie
D. Charles Babbage
Answer : A (John Neumann)

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